【-ㅂ니다/습니다】Learn the polite language everyone uses, from beginners to experts.

Practice the basics of polite Korean.

-ㅂ니다/습니다 are used by a variety of people, from beginner Korean speakers to Korean newscasters.

That is how important these endings are, but these are also the endings that are learned in the early stages of Korean.

How to use “-ㅂ니다/습니다”.

An expression that politely concludes a sentence.

The common end of word used is ‘-ㅂ니다/습니다’.

Nouns are combined with “이다+-ㅂ니다”, while verbs and adjectives use “-ㅂ니다/습니다”.

The combination depends on whether or not you have a patchum.

The use of “-ㅂ니다/습니다” depends on whether the verb or adjective stem has a patchum or not.

※V = verbs or adjectives.
※Av = an action verb
※Dv = an adiectiv
※st = stem

The stem is the basic form of a word in the dictionary minus the -다.

No patchum in the stem

여기서 친구를 기다립니다.
I wait here for my friend.
(기다리다)

서울은 물가가 비쌉니다.
The prices are high in Seoul.
(싸다)

오늘은 돼지고기와 당근이 쌉니다.
Pork and carrots are cheap today.
(싸다)

온라인에서 새로운 옷을 삽니다.
I buy new clothes online.
(사다)

‘-ㅂ니다’ goes under the stem patchm.

Have a patchum in the stem

저는 아침에 빵을 먹습니다.
I eat bread for breakfast.
(먹다)

지영씨는 나보다 키가 작습니다.
Ms. Jiyeong is shorter than me.
(작다)

그거는 정말 싫습니다.
I really don’t like that.
(싫다)

이 옷은 소매가 약간 짧습니다.
This clothes. has slightly shorter sleeves.
(짧다)

If the stem has a patchum, ‘-습니다’ is added.

“-ㅂ니까/습니까” is used for interrogative sentences.

“-ㅂ니까/습니까” is used for interrogative sentences.

혹시 많이 피곤합니까?
Maybe you are very tired?
(피곤하다)

어떤 한국음식을 좋아합니까?
What kind of Korean food do you like?
(좋아하다)

수진씨는 어떤 책을 읽습니까?
Sujin, What kind of books do you read?
(읽다)

You must use -ㅂ니까 and -습니까 according to the stem patches even in interrogative sentences.

Exception to ㄹpatchim dropping out.

There are exceptions to the use of -ㅂ니다/습니다.

저녁에 김치볶음밥을 만듭니다.
I make kimchi fried rice for dinner.
(만들다)

한국에서 중국에 전화를 겁니다.
I call to China from Korea .
(걸다)

집에서 회사까지는 멉니까?
Is it far from your house to the office?
(멀다)

When the stem has a ㄹ patchme, ‘-ㅂ니다’ is inserted after the patchme is removed.

What nuances are there in “-ㅂ니다/습니다”?

Verbs express “what you do, action”.

“-ㅂ니다/습니다” is used in the same way for both verbs and adjectives.

내일은 뭘 합니까?
What will you do tomorrow?

내일은 건대입구에서 친구를 만납니다.
Tomorrow, I will meet my friend at Konkuk University entrance.

If you use “-ㅂ니다/습니다” with a verb, you are describing an action or behavior.

Adjectives describe a “state of affairs”.

When with adjectives, you are expressing a state of affairs.

이 요리는 너무 짭니까?
Is this dish very salty?

이 순두부찌개는 조금 맵습니다.
This Sundubu-jjigae is a little hot.

둘이 언제부터 친합니까?
Since when have you two been close?

Let’s practice various sentences expressing states of affairs.

The basic sentence, such as asking a person what plans to do, so be sure to master it.